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Asthma and Allergy Care

Overview

What Is Asthma and Allergy Care?

Asthma and allergy care fall under pulmonology. It diagnoses and manages airway hypersensitivity disorders and their immunological triggers. Doctors have long known that allergies and breathing problems are closely linked, while being exposed to things like pollen, dust mites, mould, or pet hair can cause inflammation in the airways. This makes the airways narrow and makes asthma symptoms worse.

Looking at how allergies and breathing problems are connected is the main objective of an allergy and asthma care centre. Finding out which allergens trigger a patient's symptoms, it creates a treatment plan that addresses both the allergy and the asthma. This helps patients get long-term relief, rather than just treating each symptom as it appears.

Types of Asthma and Allergic Conditions

Asthma appears in several different forms, with allergic asthma being the most common type, and it is triggered by breathing in specific allergens. Non-allergic asthma can be brought on by exercise, cold air, respiratory infections or stress, with occupational asthma caused by irritants in the workplace. Asthma that happens only during physical activity is known as exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

Many allergic conditions are managed under this subspeciality. Seasonal hay fever, year-round allergies to indoor triggers like dust mites and cockroach debris and chronic sinusitis with an allergic cause are all treated. If they affect breathing, we also assess skin allergies, drug reactions and food allergies. Having blamed their symptoms on repeated infections rather than an underlying immune problem, many patients come to us after years of unrecognised allergies.

Breathing symptoms should never affect daily life or quality of life, and if they do, an asthma specialist should be seen. A cough that lasts more than three weeks isn't standard and needs evaluation. This is especially important if it's worse at night or with exercise. Those experiencing shortness of breath and find that it's affecting routine activities like climbing stairs or walking reasonable distances shouldn't ignore it. Other warning signs can manifest in the form of wheezing, chest tightness and a person feeling unable to take a full breath.

A referral is appropriate for allergy care. Especially if patients experience persistent nasal congestion that does not respond to over-the-counter medicines, repeated sinus infections, ongoing sneezing or unexplained rashes. Patients should have assessments taken for night-time symptoms that disturb sleep or morning headaches that may be linked to sinus problems. Early consultation with an asthma specialist is very important as it helps prevent intermittent symptoms from becoming chronic.

The first step in diagnosis would require a systematic evaluation. It explores a detailed history of patients covering symptom patterns, environmental exposures, occupational factors and family history of atopic disease. To assess respiratory effort, auscultatory findings and signs of allergic rhinitis or eczema, a physical examination is conducted.

For asthma diagnosis, a pulmonary function test is key. Spirometry helps measure forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity and provides objective evidence of airflow obstruction. Bronchodilator reversibility testing is used to confirm diagnosis, especially when obstruction improves following administration of a short-acting beta agonist. A challenge test may be done when test results are unclear. This is done in a controlled setting to confirm the diagnosis.

Allergy testing is usually done with skin prick tests. Tiny amounts of suspected allergens are placed on the skin, and a small raised bump appears within minutes if a patient is allergic. Blood tests are also used as they support diagnosis and accuracy. At NMC Hospitals and clinics across the UAE, these results are always looked at alongside the patient's symptoms to avoid false positives.

  • Allergic asthma and non-allergic asthma
  • Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
  • Seasonal hay fever and year-round allergies to dust mites, mould and pet dander
  • Occupational asthma from workplace irritants
  • Chronic cough that does not resolve with standard treatment
  • Drug allergies and food allergies that affect breathing
  • Atopic dermatitis with respiratory symptoms
  • Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
  • Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Evidence-based protocols tailored to each patient is how we approach treatment and care at NMC. Achieving sustained disease control while minimising the risk of flare-ups is the focus for asthma care. Controller treatment usually means inhaled corticosteroids, taken using the right type of inhaler. A lot of time is spent teaching patients how to use their inhaler correctly, because using it incorrectly makes the medicine far less effective. Reliever inhalers are prescribed for when symptoms flare up or to prevent symptoms when taken just before exercise.

Treatment options for allergy care include antihistamines, nasal sprays and leukotriene receptor antagonists. Biologic therapies are available for severe cases that do not respond to standard treatment. Immunotherapy helps the immune system become tolerant to specific allergens and is given as injections or dissolvable tablets placed under the tongue. They are used only when appropriate. These treatments don't mask symptoms, offering the possibility of lasting relief.

Environmental control is also an important foundation of our allergy and asthma care centres. We help our patients by providing them with practical advice to avoid allergens. This includes dust-mite-proof bedding, humidity management and air filtration. These measures work alongside medication and significantly improve outcomes.

Run by consultant pulmonologists with subspeciality training in allergy and immunology, our teams are supported by respiratory nurses, physiotherapists and dietitians. Our specialists hold international qualifications whilst bringing years of regional experience to every patient consultation.

Clinical expertise and a patient-centred approach are what our consultants are recognised for. They explain complex immunological concepts clearly, and they involve patients in all treatment decisions. NMC delivers consistent, high-quality care across all UAE facilities in Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Ras Al Khaimah and Al Ain, and we are ready to help all those seeking treatment for asthma and allergy.

FAQs

Find the Answer to Your Medical Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes. Allergies can make the airways become sensitive even in adults who never had asthma as children. An allergy and asthma care centre can help determine whether symptoms are caused by new-onset allergic asthma.
When done by experienced staff, skin prick testing is very accurate. But the results are always looked at alongside the patient's medical history, because false positives happen in about 10-15% of cases.
Yes. Many children experience significant improvement as their airways grow and mature. Persistent allergies may, however, continue to trigger symptoms into adulthood. Through early specialist care, children are given the best chance of staying active and healthy.
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